Thailand and Cambodia clash on the Thailand‑Cambodia border, trading heavy artillery and air strikes. This Thailand Cambodia border conflict marks the worst violence between the two countries in over a decade.
International audiences follow this border conflict closely.
Day‑two escalation in fighting
On July 24–25, 2025, the Thailand Cambodia border conflict intensified. Thai and Cambodian forces exchanged artillery, rockets, and fighter jets near disputed temples like Ta Moan Thom and Preah Vihear. Cambodia fired BM‑21 rockets into Thai border towns, while Thailand launched F‑16 jets to hit Cambodian military targets.
Rising casualties and evacuations
Thailand reported at least 15 deaths (14 civilians, one soldier) and dozens wounded. Cambodia confirmed one civilian fatality and several injuries.
More than 100,000 people fled from Thailand’s border provinces into shelters; Cambodia evacuated thousands from Oddar Meanchey.
Weapons and tactics
The conflict began with small-arms fire and rapidly escalated to heavy weapons across at least six to twelve locations along the border. Thailand and Cambodia blamed each other for initiating the fighting.
Cambodia used artillery and BM‑21 rocket systems. Thailand responded with artillery support and deployed six F‑16 jets for air strikes.
Regional and global response
Global leaders called for calm and a ceasefire in the Thailand Cambodia border conflict.
The UN Security Council held an emergency meeting at Cambodia’s request.
The United States, China, EU, and France urged restraint and dialogue. Malaysia’s Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim, as ASEAN chair, offered mediation support and welcomed signs of de-escalation.
Diplomatic breakdown
Relations collapsed as Thailand expelled Cambodia’s ambassador and recalled its own envoy. Cambodia reciprocated by downgrading ties and removing diplomats from Bangkok.
Historical context
This flare-up reflects a long-standing border dispute, especially over temple sites in the Emerald Triangle where Thailand, Cambodia, and Laos meet. A 2013 UN court decision had favored Cambodia, but tensions flared again in May after earlier skirmishes.
